It was quite logical for us to reflect on the future of the OECD given its role as an important machinery of international cooperation. Moreover, for the 50th anniversary of the OECD, it seemed essential to address the issue of this organization’s highly European centered character and the little attention it paid to emerging powers, even if the creation of a center of non-members was a step in the right direction. We were fortunate in 1995 to have had Donald Johnston, the future head of the OECD, participate in our Montreal meeting and as a result later encourage us to host this meeting in NYC. A report, with a series of concrete proposals, entitled OECD: At the turn of the century was produced as an outcome of this conference.